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What Are Bonds?
A bond is a loan you give to a government or company.
In return, they agree to pay you interest and return your original money at maturity.
So while stocks mean ownership, bonds mean lending money.
How bond yield is calculated
A simple bond formula is:
Current Yield (%) = Annual Coupon Payment / Current Bond Price × 100
Where:
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Annual Coupon Payment = yearly interest paid
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Current Bond Price = what the bond costs today
Real-Life Bond Example
A bond pays $50 per year in interest and currently sells for $1,000.
Current Yield = 50 / 1000 × 100 = 5%
Why bonds are important
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Usually less volatile than stocks
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Can provide regular income
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Often used for stability in a portfolio
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Popular with cautious investors
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